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Okra

Shoot and fruit borer

Symptoms of damage

Terminal shoots wither and droop
Shedding of buds and flowers
Bore hole in fruits and fee
Deformed fruits

Identification of pest

Egg: Sculptured egg and sky blue in colour

Larva: Brownish with white streaks dorsally and pale yellow ventrally

Adult: Forewing are pale with a wedge shaped green band in the middle

Larva: Brown with dorsum showing a white median longitudinal streak

Pupa: Brown and boat shaped

Adult: Forewing are uniformly silvery green

Management

Set up pheromone trap @ 12/ha.
Collection and destruction of affected fruits.
Release of egg parasite Trichogramma chilonis @ 1.0 lakh/ha.
Release of 1st instar larvae of green lacewing predator Chrysoperla carnea @ 10,000/ha.
Dust carbaryl 10 % DP @ 25 kg /ha or spray Bacillus thuringiensis @ 2 g/lit or spray any one of the following insecticide

Bhendi fruit borer

Symptoms of damage

Feed on the flowers
Circular boreholes on fruits
Larva thrust only part of their body inside the fruit feed

Identification of pest

Eggs: Are spherical in shape and creamy white in colour, laid singly

Larva: Shows colour variation from greenish to brown

Pupa: Brown in colour, occurs in soil, leaf, and pod

Adult: Female brownish yellow stout moth, Male is pale greenish in colour with V shaped markings

Management

Collect and destroy the infected fruits and grown up larvae
Grow simultaneously 40 days old American tall marigold and 25 days old tomato seedling at 1:10 rows to attract Helicoverpa adults for egg laying.
Setup pheromone trap with Helilure at 15/ha
Six releases of T. chilonis @ 50,000/ha per week coinciding with flowering time
Release Chrysoperla carnea at weekly interval at 50,000 eggs or grubs/ha from 30 DAS
Spray HaNPV at 1.5x1012 POB/ha along with cottonseed oil 300 g/ha to kill larvae.
Spray HaNPV at 1.5x1012 POB/ha along with cottonseed oil 300 g/ha to kill larvae.
Spray HaNPV at 1.5x1012 POB/ha along with cottonseed oil 300 g/ha to kill larvae.

Shoot weevil

Symptoms of damage

Grub feed on stem and galls are formed in the stem and petiole
Adults feed on leaf buds and terminal shoots

Identification of pest

Grubs - creamy yellow, apodous

Adults - dark greyish brown with pale cross bands on elytra

Management

Soil application of Carbofuran 3 G at 30 kg/ ha on 20 DAS and earthed up.
Basal application of FYM 25 t/ha or 250 kg/ha of neem cake.

Stem weevil

Symptoms of damage

Grub feed on stem and galls are formed in the stem and petiole
Adults feed on leaf buds and terminal shoots

Identification of pest

Grubs: Creamy yellow, apodous

Adults: Dark greyish brown with pale cross bands on elytra

Management

Soil application of Carbofuran 3 G at 30 kg/ha on 20 DAS and earthed up.
Basal application of FYM 25 t/ha or 250 kg/ha of neem cake.

Leaf roller

Symptoms of damage

Caterpillar rolled the leaves
Scrapping the chlorophyll content and feed inside
Defoliation

Identification of pest

Larva: Bright green (glistening) with dark head and prothoracic shield

Adult: moth with yellow wings having brown wavy markings

Management

Collect and destroy rolled leaves
Collect and destroy rolled leaves

Semilooper

Symptoms of damage

Caterpillar fed on the leaves
Defoliation

Identification of pest

i) Anomis flava

Larva - Green coloured semi looper, with five longitudinal white stripes

ii) Xanthodes graelsi

Larva – Green coloured Semi looper, with horseshoe markings on each segment

iii) Tarache nitidula

Larva –Green coloured semi looper

Management

Spray phosalone 35 EC @ 2ml/lit.

Whitefly

Symptoms of damage

Chlorotic spots on the leaves which latter coalesce forming irregular yellowing of leaf tissue
Severe infestation results in premature defoliation
Development of sooty mold

Vector of yellow vein mosaic virus

Identification of pest

Nymph: Greenish yellow, oval in outline

Adult: Minute insects with yellow body covered with a white waxy bloom

Management

Spray any of the following insecticide
Phosalone 35 EC @ 2.5 l/ha
Quinalphos 25 EC @ 2.0 l/ha
Triazophos 40 EC @ 2.0 l/ha

Jassids

Symptoms of damage

Tender leaves become yellow
The margin of the leaves start curling downwards and reddening sets in
In the case of severe infestation leaves get a bronze which is typical “hopper burn” symptom
The margins of the leaf get broken and crumble into pieces when crushed
The leaves dried up and shed and growth of the crop is retarde

Identification of pest

Nymph: Light green, translucent, wingless found between the veins of leaves on the under surface

Adult: Green, wedge shaped leafhopper

Management

Spray any one of the following insecticides (spray fluid 500 l/ha)
Imidacloprid 200 SL at 100 ml/ha
Methyl demeton 25 EC 500 ml/ha
Dimethoate 30 EC 500 ml/ha
Phosphamidon 40 SL 600 ml/ha.
NSKE 5%

Aphid

Symptoms of damage

Infesting tender shoots and under surface of the leaves.
Curling and crinkling of leaves
Stunted growth
Development of black sooty mould due to the excretion of honey dew

Identification of pest

Nymphs: Yellowish or greenish brown found on the undersurface of leaves.

Adults: - are greenish brown, soft bodied and small insects

Management

Spray any one of the following insecticides (500 l spray fluid/ha)
Imidacloprid 200 SL at 100 ml/ha
Methyl demeton 25 EC 500 ml/ha
Dimethoate 30 EC 500 ml/ha
Phosphamidon 40 SL 600 ml/ha.
NSKE 5%
Monitoring the activities of the alate adult by setting up yellow sticky traps

Red cotton bug

Symptoms of damage

Infested seeds become discoloured and shrivelled

Identification of pest

Nymphs and Adults: Reddish bugs with white bands on the abdomen and black markings on the wings

Management

Conserve the biocontrol agent Harpactor costalis predaceous on nymph and adult
Spray phosphamidon 40 SL @ 600 ml/ha