Cole Crops

Diamond back moth

Symptoms of damage

Young caterpillars cause small yellow mines on leaves

Scrapping of epidermal leaf tissues producing typical whitish patches on leaves

Full-grown larvae bite holes in the leaves and feeds on curd

Identification of pest

Egg: Minute yellow coloured eggs laid singly or in groups on the upper surface of leaves

Larva: Pale yellowish green caterpillar

Pupa: Pupation takes place on the foliage in a transparent cocoon

Adult: Small greyish brown moth. Forewings have three white triangular spots along the inner-margin. Adult folds the wings that appear with triangular markings, opposite wing with diamond shape.

Management

Remove and destroy all debris and stubbles after harvest of crop

Grow mustard as trap crop at 2:1 ratio (cabbage: mustard) to attract DBM for oviposition at least 10 days ahead of planting of main crop

Spray mustard crop with dichlorvos 76 WSC 0.076% to avoid dispersal of the larvae

Pheromone traps @12/ha

Crop rotation with cucurbits, beans, peas, tomato and melon

Larval parasitoid: Diadegma semiclausm @1,00000/ha (Hills–below 25–27ºC) Cotesia plutellae (plains) at 20000/ha release from 20 days after planting

Bacillus thuringiensis var kurstaki 2g/lit

Neem seed kernel extract 5%

Cartap hydrochloride 0.5% at 10,20 and 30 DAS (nursery) and primordial stage

Cabbage borer

Symptoms of damage

The larva webs the leaves and bore into the stem, stalks or leaf veins

Identification of pest

Egg: Yellow shiny eggs laid on the leaves

Larva: Full grown larva are greyish-yellow with seven purplish brown longitudinal stripes

Adult: Pale greyish brown moth with wavy grey markings

Management

Collect and destroy mechanically caterpillars in the early stages of attack

Bacillus thuringiensis @ 2g/lit at primordial stage

Cartap hydrochloride @ 500g/ha or malathion 50 EC @500ml/ha

Leaf webber

Symptoms of damage

Young larva feeds gregariously on leaves

Later webs together the leaves feed within

Identification of pest

Egg: laid in groups under surface of leaves.

Larva: green coloured

Pupa: pupation takes place within the webbed up leaves

Adult: Forewings having distinct wavy lines and prominent wavy spots. Hind wings are semi hyaline colour

Management

Remove and destroy the webbed leaves with caterpillars within

Set up light traps@1/ha

Encourage the activity of parasitoid: Cotesia crocidolomiae

Spray malathion 50 EC @ 0.1% or carbaryl 0.2%

Cabbage green semilooper

Symptoms of damage

Scrabbing of leaves initially and defoliation

Identification of pest

Egg: Greenish-white, spherical and sculptured eggs laid singly on ventral surface of leaves

Larva: Slender and green in colour with light wavy lines

Adult: Stout, brown moth, head and thorax grey in colour, abdomen white. Forewings grey wavy in colour with a slendery-marking

Management

Hand pick and destroy the caterpillars

Set up light trap @1/ha

Spray insecticides like malathion 50EC @ 0.1% ha

Tobacco caterpillar

Symptoms of damage

Damage leaves and heads of cabbage and cauliflower

Damage leaves of radish and beet root

Identification of pest

Egg: Masses appear golden brown

Larva: Young caterpillars are light green with black head or black spots. Well grown caterpillars are grey or dark brown

Adult: Adult moths are brownish colour. Forewings are brown colour with wavy white marking, Hindwings are white colour with brown patchs along the margin

Management

Plough the soil to expose and kill the pupae

Grow castor along border and irrigation channel as trap crop

Flood the field to drive out the hibernating larvae

Set up light trap @1/ha

Pheromone traps (Pherodin SL) @ 15/ha to attract male moths

Hand pick grown up larvae and kill them

Spray Sl NPV @ 1.5 X 1012 POBs/ ha + 2.5 Kg crude sugar + 0.1 % teepol

Poison bait: Rice bran 5 Kg + Molasses or Brown sugar 500g + Carbaryl 50 WP 500g+ 3lit of water/ha

Spray chlorpyriphos 20 EC 2lit/ha or dichlorovos 76 WSC 1 lit/ha

Cabbage butterfly

Symptoms of damage

Defoliation

Bores into the heads of cabbage

Identification of pest

Larva: Velvetty bluish green in colour with black dots, Yellow dorsal and lateral stripes covered with white hairs.

Pupa: chrysalis which takes place in leaves and stem

Adult: White butterfly

Management

Collect and destroy caterpillars in the early stage of attack

Conserve parasitoids like Cotesia glomeratus

Spray insecticides like quinalphos 25 EC @1000 ml

Cabbage aphid

Symptoms of damage

Yellowing

Crinkling and cupping

Distorted primordia

Presence of white cast skin at the base of the plant

Identification of pest

Nymphs and adults yellowish green with wavy white filament over the body

Management

Install yellow sticky trap @12 no/ha to monitor “macropterous” adults (winged adult).

Spray neem oil 3 % with 0.5 ml Teepol/lit

Spray any one of the following insecticide

Mustard aphid

Symptoms of damage

Both nymph and adults suck the sap from leaves, buds and pods

Curling of infested leaves and at advanced stage plants may wither and die

Plants remain stunted and sooty molds grow on the honeydew excreted by the insects

Identification of pest

Aphids: Small, soft-bodied, pearl-shaped insects

Management

Diamond back moth

Young caterpillars cause small yellow mines on leaves

Scrapping of epidermal leaf tissues producing typical whitish patches on leaves

Full-grown larvae bite holes in the leaves and feeds on curd

Remove and destroy all debris and stubbles after harvest of crop

Grow mustard as trap crop at 2:1 ratio (cabbage: mustard) to attract DBM for oviposition at least 10 days ahead of planting of main crop

Spray mustard crop with dichlorvos 76 WSC 0.076% to avoid dispersal of the larvae

Pheromone traps @12/ha

Crop rotation with cucurbits, beans, peas, tomato and melon

Larval parasitoid: Diadegma semiclausm @1,00000/ha (Hills–below 25–27ºC) Cotesia plutellae (plains) at 20000/ha release from 20 days after planting

Bacillus thuringiensis var kurstaki 2g/lit

Neem seed kernel extract 5%

Cartap hydrochloride 0.5% at 10,20 and 30 DAS (nursery) and primordial stage

Cabbage borer

The larva webs the leaves and bore into the stem, stalks or leaf veins

Collect and destroy mechanically caterpillars in the early stages of attack

Bacillus thuringiensis @ 2g/lit at primordial stage

Cartap hydrochloride @ 500g/ha or malathion 50 EC @500ml/ha

Leaf webber

Young larva feeds gregariously on leaves

Later webs together the leaves feed within

Remove and destroy the webbed leaves with caterpillars within

Set up light traps@1/ha

Encourage the activity of parasitoid: Cotesia crocidolomiae

Spray malathion 50 EC @ 0.1% or carbaryl 0.2%

Cabbage green semilooper

Scrabbing of leaves initially and defoliation

Hand pick and destroy the caterpillars

Set up light trap @1/ha

Spray insecticides like malathion 50EC @ 0.1% ha

Tobacco caterpillar

Damage leaves and heads of cabbage and cauliflower

Damage leaves of radish and beet root

Plough the soil to expose and kill the pupae

Grow castor along border and irrigation channel as trap crop

Flood the field to drive out the hibernating larvae

Set up light trap @1/ha

Pheromone traps (Pherodin SL) @ 15/ha to attract male moths

Hand pick grown up larvae and kill them

Spray Sl NPV @ 1.5 X 1012 POBs/ ha + 2.5 Kg crude sugar + 0.1 % teepol

Poison bait: Rice bran 5 Kg + Molasses or Brown sugar 500g + Carbaryl 50 WP 500g+ 3lit of water/ha

Spray chlorpyriphos 20 EC 2lit/ha or dichlorovos 76 WSC 1 lit/ha

Cabbage butterfly

Defoliation

Bores into the heads of cabbage

Collect and destroy caterpillars in the early stage of attack

Conserve parasitoids like Cotesia glomeratus

Cabbage aphid

Yellowing

Crinkling and cupping

Distorted primordia

Presence of white cast skin at the base of the plant

Install yellow sticky trap @12 no/ha to monitor “macropterous” adults (winged adult).

Spray neem oil 3 % with 0.5 ml Teepol/lit

Spray any one of the following insecticide

Mustard aphid

Both nymph and adults suck the sap from leaves, buds and pods

Curling of infested leaves and at advanced stage plants may wither and die

Plants remain stunted and sooty molds grow on the honeydew excreted by the insects

Set up yellow stick trap to monitor aphid population.

Conserve the natural enemies viz., Cocciniella septempunctata, Menochilus sexmaculata,

Spray dimethoate@ 2 ml /lit