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Arecanut

Spindle bug

Symptoms of damage

Sap sucking bug – damage the unopened spindle leaf

Inhabit the inner most leaf axils, usually below the spindle.

Suck the sap from tender leaflets and spindle

Severe infestation - blackish brown linear lesions on the spindle leaf

Stunted growth and twisted

Leaves become dried and shed

Identification of pest

Nymphs – light violet brown, greenish yellow with border of the body

Adult - brightly coloured red and black.

Management

Spray application of dimethoate 0.05%

Filling the inner most leaf axils

phorate 10% G (10g/palm)

Root grub

Symptoms of damage

Grubs feed on growing roots

Infested palms show a sickly appearance

Yellowing of leaves

Tapering of stem and reduction in yield.

Identification of pest

Adult beetle is chestnut brown in colour.

Management

Collection and destruction of adult beetles

Digging and forking of the soil

Addition of organic amendments and anti-feedants (neem, pongamia and oilcake)

Application of phorate (Thimet 10G) @ 15g per palm give effective control

Soil application of phorate around the plant twice a year

Before onset of southeast monsoon (May)

After the monsoon (Sep-October)

In severely infected gardens, the soil should be drenched with eco-friendly insecticides

Cholam or white mite

Symptoms of damage

Adults and nymphs presence on the lower surface of leaves.

The colony is found under white webs.

Feed on lower surface of arecanut leaves.

Management

Removal of heavily infested and dried leaves and burning

Spraying under surfaces of leaves and crown with Dicofol (2 ml/litre) or Rogor (1.5 ml/litre)

Repeat spraying at an interval of 15-20 days

Inflorescence caterpillar

Symptoms of damage

Caterpillars feed on the inflorescences (tender female flowers) and rachillae

Webbing and feeding the inflorescence

Spathe opening is delayed.

Yellowing of spadices,

Presence of small holes with frass and drying on the spathe

Management

Infected spadices may be forced open and sprayed with malathion 0.05%