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Chillies

Season and seed

Soil

Well drained loamy soils rich in organic matter with pH range 6.5-7.5.

Season of sowing

1. January - February

2. June - July

3. September- October

Seed rate

Varieties: 1.0 kg / ha.

Hybrids: 200 - 250 g / ha.

Nursery area: 100 sq.m / ha.

Seed treatment

Treat the seeds with Trichoderma viride @ 4 g / kg or Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 10 g/ kg and sow in lines spaced at 10 cm in raised nursery beds and cover with sand.
Watering with rose can has to be done daily.
Drench the nursery with Copper oxychloride @ 2.5 g/l of water at 15 days interval against damping off disease. Apply Carbofuran 3 G at 10 g/sq.m. at sowing.

Chilli Seeds

Nursery production

Protected nursery

Prepare the nursery area of 3 cents with slanting slope of 2 % for the seedling production to cover 1 ha.
Cover the nursery area with 50 % shade net and cover the sides using 40 / 50 mesh insect proof nylon net.
Form raised beds of 1 m width and convenient length and place HDPV pipes at 2m interval for further protection with polythene sheets during rainy months.
Mix sterilized cocopeat @ 300 kg with 5 kg neem cake along with Azospirillum and phosphobacteria each @ 1 kg.
Approximately 1.2 kg of cocopeat is required for filling one protay. 300 protrays (98 cells) are required for the production of 29,000 seedlings, which are required for one hectare adopting a spacing of 90 x 60 x 45 cm in a paired row system.
Sow the treated seed in protrays @ 1 seed per cell.
Cover the seed with cocopeat and keep the trays one above the other and cover with a polythene sheet till germination starts.
After 6 days place the protrays with germinated seedlings individually on the raised beds inside the shade net.
Water with rose can everyday upto seed germination. Drench with 19:19:19 @ 0.5% (5g/l) at 18 days after sowing.

Nursery Bed Preparation

Cultural practices

Field preparation

Thoroughly prepare the field with the addition of FYM @ 25 t/ ha and form ridges and furrows at a spacing of 60 cm. Apply 2 kg/ha of Azospirillum and 2 kg / ha of Phosphobacteria by mixing with 20 kg of FYM. Irrigate the furrows and transplant 40-45 days old seedlings, with the ball of earth on the ridges.

Spacing

Varieties : 60 x 45 cm

Hybrids : 75 x 60 cm

Weed control

Apply Pendimethalin 1.0 kg a.i. / ha or Fluchloralin 1.0 kg a.i. / ha as pre-emergece herbicide followed by hand weeding once 30 days after planting.

Irrigation

Irrigate is done at weekly intervals.

Layout and planting for drip irrigation and fertigation

Apply FYM @ 25 t / ha as basal before last ploughing.
Apply 2 kg / ha of Azospirillum and 2 kg/ha Phosphobacteria by mixing with 20 kg of FYM.
Apply 75 % total recommended dose of superphosphate i.e. 375 kg / ha as basal.
Install the drip irrigation with main and sub main pipes and place lateral tubes at an interval of 1.5 m.
Place the drippers in lateral tubes at an interval of 60 cm and 50 cm spacing with 4 LPH and 3.5 LPH capacities respectively.
Form raised beds of 120 cm width at an interval of 30 cm and place the laterals at the centre of the each bed.
Before planting wet the beds using drip system for 8-12 hrs.
Planting to be done at a spacing of 90 x 60 x 45 cm in the paired row system, using ropes marked at 60 cm spacing.
Spray Pendimethalin 1.0 kg a.i. / ha or Fluchloralin 1.0 kg a.i / ha as pre-emergence herbicide at 3rd day after planting.
Gap filling to be done at 7th day after transplanting.

Chilli spacing

Manuring

Varieties

Basal dose : FYM 25 t/ha, NPK 30:60:30 kg/ ha.

Potassium as K2SO4 for quality improvement. Application of potassium in the form of potassium sulphate will increase quality of chilli.

Top dressing : 30 kg N/ha in equal splits on 30, 60 and 90 days after planting.

Hybrids

Basal dose : FYM 30 t / ha, NPK 30:80:80 kg / ha.

Top dressing : 30 kg N / ha in equal splits on 30, 60 and 90 days after planting.

Manure required Vegetative stage

Fertigation schedule (CHILLI F1 HYBRID): Recommended Dose: 120:80:80 kg / ha

StageCrop stageDuration in daysFertilizer gradeTotal Fertilizer (kg/ha)Nutrient applied% of requirement
NPKNPK
1Transplanting
to plant
establishment
stage		1019:19:19
MN
13:0:45
Urea		21.05
8.88
14.86		4.00
1.15
6.83		4.00
-
-		4.00
3.98
-		10.005.0010.00
Subtotal11.984.007.98
2Flower initiation to
flowering		3012:61:0
13:0:45
Urea		13.11
71.04
80.72		1.57
9.24
37.13		8.00
-
-		-
31.97
-		30.0010.0020.00
Subtotal47.948.0031.97
3Flowering set to
fruit picking		3019:19:19
13.0:45
Urea		21.05
44.40
56.91		4.00
5.77
26.18		4.00
-
-		4.00
19.98		30.005.0030.00
Subtotal35.954.0023.98
4Alternate day
from picking		812:61:0
13:0:45
Urea		6.52
35.52
40.38		0.75
4.62
18.57		3.81
-
-		-
15.98
-		30.005.0050.00
Subtotal23.943.8115.98
119.81
(or) 120.00		19.81
(or) 20.00		79.91
(or) 80.00		10025100

75% RD of Phosporous applied as superphosphate = 375 kg / ha

1. 19:19:19 = 42 kg/ha ; 2. 13:0:45 = 160 kg/ha ; 3. 12:61:0 = 20 kg/ha ; 4. Urea = 193 kg/ha

Improvement

Effect of Endo root soluble and Mycorrhizae on Chilli

Apply 250g of Endo Roots Soluble in two splits doses at 15 DAT and 45 DAT along with 100 % N and K and 50% P for higher yield and saving of Phosphorous. Apply 250g of Mycorrhiza in two splits at transplanting and 30 DAT along with 100% N and K and 50% P for higher yield and saving of Phosphorous.

Growth regulators

Spray Triacontanol @ 1.25 ml/l on 20, 40, 60 and 80th day of planting. Spray NAA 10 ppm (10 mg/l of water) on 60 and 90 days after planting to increase fruit set.

Micronutrient spray

Foliar spray of Zn SO4 @ 0.5 per cent thrice at 10 days interval from 40 days after planting.

Spray 19:19:19 + Mn @ 1 % at 60 days after planting.

Intercropping

The intercrops like onion and coriander can be grown for getting additional income. It can also help to control the weed population.

Spraying of micronutrients in Chilli

Yield

Harvest

Harvesting can be done 75 days after transplanting. First two picking yield green chilli and subsequently yield red ripe fruits.

Yield

Varieties : 2 - 3 t/ha of dry pods or 10 - 15 t/ha of green chillies.

Hybrids: 25 t / ha of green chillies.